hago
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *agō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti.
Cognate with Old Irish aigid, Ancient Greek ἄγω (ágō, “I lead”), Old Norse aka (“move, drive”), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (azaiti), Sanskrit अजति (ájati, “to drive, propel, cast”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈa.ɡoː/, [ˈäɡoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.ɡo/, [ˈäːɡɔ]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Verb[edit]
agō (present infinitive agere, perfect active ēgī, supine āctum); third conjugation
- I act, I behave
- 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Paralipomenon II 32:7
- viriliter agite et confortamini nolite timere nec paveatis regem Assyriorum […]
- "Act strongly and be courageous. Do not fear nor tremble before the king of Assyria"
- viriliter agite et confortamini nolite timere nec paveatis regem Assyriorum […]
- 64 CE, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium Epistula 94, 6.1:
- ...doces illum quid sano faciendum sit, non efficis sanum. Pauperi ut agat divitem monstras: hoc quomodo manente paupertate fieri potest?
- ...you teach a man what a healthy man should do, but you don't make him healthy. You show the poor how to behave as a rich man: but if they remain poor, how can they do so?
- ...doces illum quid sano faciendum sit, non efficis sanum. Pauperi ut agat divitem monstras: hoc quomodo manente paupertate fieri potest?
- 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Paralipomenon II 32:7
- I do
- "Agere...does not express, as facere does, the principle, author, nor a single act of producing; but a series of cares and a continued activity." - Latin Synonyms, with Their Different Significations, etc. by M. J. B. Gardin Dumesnil, Trans. Gosset, London, 1819.
- "Agere, Facere et Gerere hoc differunt, quod agere et corporis, et vocis, et mentis agitatum comprehendit. Facere tantum refertur ad opera, quae corpore efficimus; aliquando et pro consentire ponitur. His enim loquendi modis utebantur recte antiqui: mecum seu tecum faciam, hoc est, mecum seu tecum consentiam. Gerere est muneris et oneris..." - Ausonii Popmae frisii de differentiis verborum cum additamentis ab Hekelii, Richteri, Messerschmidii et Vallaurii, 1865.
- c. 200 BCE, Plautus Amphitryon 2.1.1
- (AMPHITRYON to SOSIA): age ī tū secundum,
- Direct/literal translation: "Do thou walk after/following (me)!" Functional/colloquial translation: "Come, do follow after me!"
- (AMPHITRYON to SOSIA): age ī tū secundum,
- 63 B.C.E., Cicero, Catiline Orations (Latin text and English translations here)
- Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.
- "You do nothing, you plan nothing, you think of nothing which I not only do not hear, but which I do not see and know every particular of."
- Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.
- I make (something that does not continue to exist after the maker stops)
- I negotiate
- I effect, accomplish, achieve
- I treat, I deal
- (Can we date this quote?) Virgil (in translation), Aeneid Book I, line 575
- Trōs Tyriusque mihī nūllō discrīmine agētur.
- "Trojan and Tyrian shall be treated by me with no distinction."
- Trōs Tyriusque mihī nūllō discrīmine agētur.
- (Can we date this quote?) Virgil (in translation), Aeneid Book I, line 575
- I act, play, perform (e.g., a role in a play)
- I perform, transact, conduct, manage (e.g. business, affairs)
- I administer, direct, guide, govern
- I drive (sense of providing an impetus for motion), impel, move, push, put in motion
- Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 12:
- I conduct, drive (sense of providing governance to motion)
- 1877, Sophocles (in translation), Electra, in Aeschyli et Sophoclis: Tragoediae et Fragmenta (Paris: Institutiae Franciae Typographo)
- Intereā Orestēs postrēmus omnium ultimō locō equōs agēbat, in fīne certam spem victōriae ponēns.
- "Meanwhile, Orestes had been driving in last place and holding his horses back, putting his trust in the finish."
- Intereā Orestēs postrēmus omnium ultimō locō equōs agēbat, in fīne certam spem victōriae ponēns.
- 1877, Sophocles (in translation), Electra, in Aeschyli et Sophoclis: Tragoediae et Fragmenta (Paris: Institutiae Franciae Typographo)
- I discuss, debate, deliberate (used in civil, political and legal contexts)
- (law) I plead
- I think upon; I am occupied with
- 8 CE, Publius Ovidius Naso, Heroides Carmen IIX, Lines 208-212 (ultimate 5 lines):
- ingentis parturit ira minas. / Quo feret ira, sequar! facti fortasse pigebit — / Et piget infido consuluisse viro. / Viderit ista deus, qui nunc mea pectora versat! / Nescio quid certe mens mea maius agit!
- Tremndous anger abounds with threat. / I’ll follow where anger carries me. Perhaps I’ll regret my deeds: / I regret having given thought to the interests of an unfaithful husband. / Let the god see to that, which churns within my heart. / Assuredly, I don't know what occupies my mind more greatly!
- ingentis parturit ira minas. / Quo feret ira, sequar! facti fortasse pigebit — / Et piget infido consuluisse viro. / Viderit ista deus, qui nunc mea pectora versat! / Nescio quid certe mens mea maius agit!
- I aim at, I get at (generally in the subjunctive mood and preceded by ut, and so meaning: "that I might achieve...")
- I stir up, excite, cause, induce
- I lead, drive (e.g., livestock)
- I chase, pursue
- I drive at, pursue (a course of action)
- I rob, steal, plunder, carry off
- (of time) I pass, spend, lead
- (of offerings) I slay, kill (as a sacrifice)
- (of plants) I put forth, sprout, extend
- (law) I hold (a court)
- (passive) to go on, to take place, to be at issue
Conjugation[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
- (accomplish): perficio, conficio, fungor, defungor, perfero, absolvo, expleo, gero
- (conduct, drive): duco, deduco, traduco, veho, portō, produco
- (stir): cieo, molior, perpello
Usage notes[edit]
Ago renders a sense of doing or making which is continuative or behavioral. For a sense of a specific instance or occasion of doing or making, see facio. For a sense of doing or making which is yet more continuative, see agito and gero.
According to Döderlein, another difference between ago and facio when they mean "make" is that ago typically has to do with making something that does not continue after the "actor" stops doing the action; whereas with facio, the object continues to exist after the maker has made the thing. In other words, ago is temporal, whereas facio is spacial.
Derived terms[edit]
- abigō
- ācta
- āctiō
- āctitō
- āctīvus
- āctor
- āctum
- āctus
- adigō
- agāsō
- agēa
- agedum
- agenda
- agēns
- agilis
- agīna
- agito
- agmen
- agolum
- agōnium
- ambigō
- castīgō
- circumagō
- cōgō
- dēgō
- exigō
- fastīgō
- fatīgō
- fūmigō
- fūstīgō
- grātiās agō
- indāgō
- inigō
- lītigō
- mītigō
- nāvigō
- peragō
- prōdigō
- pūrgō
- reagō
- redigō
- retroagō
- satagō
- subigō
- trānsigō
- variegō
- vectīgal
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ago in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ago in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ago in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to take root: radices agere (De Off. 2. 12. 73)
- to bud, blossom: gemmas agere
- to live (all) one's life (honourably, in the country, as a man of learning): vitam, aetatem (omnem aetatem, omne aetatis tempus) agere (honeste, ruri, in litteris), degere, traducere
- I am in my thirteenth year: tertium decimum annum ago
- to be at one's last gasp: animam agere
- so-and-so is in a very satisfactory position; prospers: agitur praeclare, bene cum aliquo
- to be ruined, undone: praecipitem agi, ire
- a man's life is at stake, is in very great danger: salus, caput, vita alicuius agitur, periclitatur, in discrimine est or versatur
- to thank a person (in words): gratias alicui agere pro aliqua re
- to give thanks to heaven: grates agere (dis immortalibus)
- (ambiguous) to have all one's trouble for nothing: rem actam or simply actum agere (proverb.)
- to be occupied with business, busy: negotia agere, gerere
- to pass one's life in luxury and idleness: per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agere
- to be inattentive: alias res or aliud agere
- to devote one's life to science, study: aetatem in litteris ducere, agere
- the point at issue: id, de quo agitur or id quod cadit in controversiam
- to recite a poem, line with appropriate action: carmen, versum agere
- to act a play (said of the actors): fabulam agere
- to play the part of some one: partes agere alicuius
- to act the rôle of a slave, pander: agere servum, lenonem
- to represent a thing dramatically: sic exponere aliquid, quasi agatur res (non quasi narretur)
- to gesticulate: gestum (always in the sing.) agere
- the question now is..: nunc id quaeritur, agitur
- to be now jesting, now in earnest: ioca et seria agere
- the book treats of friendship: hic liber est de amicitia (not agit) or hoc libro agitur de am.
- to act reasonably, judiciously: prudenter, considerate, consilio agere (opp. temere, nullo consilio, nulla ratione)
- to be moderate in all things, commit no excess: omnia modice agere
- to have no principles: omnia temere agere, nullo iudicio uti
- to thank, glorify the immortal gods: grates, laudes agere dis immortalibus
- to keep, celebrate a festival: diem festum agere (of an individual)
- to take the auspices, observe the flight of birds: augurium agere, auspicari (N. D. 2. 4. 11)
- the house walls are beginning to crack: domus rimas agit
- to live a lonely life: vitam solitariam agere
- how are you: quid agis?
- what is going on? how are you getting on: quid agitur? quid fit?
- to lay the foundations: fundamenta iacere, agere
- to drive to pasture: pastum agere
- to submit a formal proposition to the people: agere cum populo (Leg. 3. 4. 10)
- the aristocracy (as a party in politics): boni cives, optimi, optimates, also simply boni (opp. improbi); illi, qui optimatium causam agunt
- to be a leading spirit of the popular cause: populi causam agere
- to play the demagogue: populariter agere
- to hold the census: censum habere, agere (Liv. 3. 22)
- to perform the censors' duties: censuram agere, gerere
- to go to law with a person: (ex) iure, lege agere cum aliquo
- to proceed against some one with the utmost rigour of the law; to strain the law in one's favour: summo iure agere cum aliquo (cf. summum ius, summa iniuria)
- to convene the assizes (used of a provincial governor): conventus agere (B. G. 1. 54)
- to conduct a person's case (said of an agent, solicitor): causam alicuius agere (apud iudicem)
- a person's life is in jeopardy: caput alicuius agitur (vid. sect. V. 8)
- to crucify: in crucem agere, tollere aliquem
- to set the army in motion: agmen agere
- to mount guard in the camp: vigilias agere in castris (Verr. 4. 43)
- to keep watch on the rampart: custodias agere in vallo
- to be on duty before the gates: stationes agere pro portis
- to carry off booty: ferre atque agere praedam
- to advance pent-houses, mantlets: vineas agere (B. G. 3. 21)
- to make mines, subterraneous passages: cuniculos agere (B. G. 3. 21)
- to drive the enemy before one: prae se agere hostem
- to triumph over some one: triumphum agere de or ex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
- to treat with some one about peace: agere cum aliquo de pace
- to row: navem remis agere or propellere
- (ambiguous) I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
- (ambiguous) to have all one's trouble for nothing: rem actam or simply actum agere (proverb.)
- (ambiguous) it's all over with me; I'm a lost man: actum est de me
- to take root: radices agere (De Off. 2. 12. 73)
Further reading[edit]
- ago in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Lolopo[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Loloish *go¹ (Bradley). Cognate with Burmese အစ်ကို (ackui).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ago
- (Yao'an) elder brother
Maranao[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Conjunction[edit]
ago
Samoan[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun[edit]
ago
Usage notes[edit]
Once cooked, it is called lega.
Ternate[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
ago
References[edit]
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Võro[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Of disputed origin; cognate to Estonian agu.
Noun[edit]
ago (genitive ao, partitive ako)
Inflection[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ago | aoq |
accusative | ao | aoq |
genitive | ao | akõ aka |
partitive | ako | akõ aka |
illative | akko | akkõ akkõhe akka akkahe |
inessive | aon aohn |
akõn akan akõhn akahn |
elative | aost | akõst akast |
allative | aolõ | akõlõ akalõ |
adessive | aol | akõl akal |
ablative | aolt | akõlt akalt |
translative | aos | akõs akas |
terminative | aoniq | akõniq akaniq |
abessive | aoldaq | akõldaq akaldaq |
comitative | aogaq | akõgaq akagaq |
Derived terms[edit]
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:English/əʊ
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- English lemmas
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- English dialectal terms
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- English adverbs
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- English postpositions
- English three-letter words
- en:Time
- Albanian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Albanian terms derived from Greek
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian masculine nouns
- Gheg Albanian
- Albanian terms with archaic senses
- Albanian poetic terms
- Esperanto terms borrowed from Latin
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- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
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- Italian 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Italian/aɡo
- Rhymes:Italian/aɡo/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
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- Italian terms with quotations
- Italian terms with voicing of Latin /-p t k-/
- Japanese non-lemma forms
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- Karipúna Creole French terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eǵ-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
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- la:Law
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- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
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- sm:Plants
- sm:Polynesian canoe plants
- Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Ternate nouns
- tft:Plants
- Võro lemmas
- Võro nouns
- vro:Time